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03.05.04Replay-resistant authenticationITSP.10.171Identification and authentication

Official Requirement

Implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for access to privileged and non-privileged accounts.

Source: Canadian Centre for Cyber Security ITSP.10.171 (2025), adapted from NIST SP 800-171 Rev. 3

In Plain English

Authentication mechanisms must be resistant to replay attacks -- where an attacker captures an authentication exchange and replays it to gain unauthorized access. This means using protocols that include nonces, timestamps, or challenge-response mechanisms that make captured credentials useless for replay.

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The Trust Services Criteria referenced in this tool are published by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) and incorporate principles from the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Criteria descriptions are reproduced for reference purposes. All implementation guidance, evidence recommendations, and control language are original work by Truvo Cyber. ISO 27001 and ISO 42001 are standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Framework and standard names are the property of their respective owners. This tool is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or certified by AICPA, COSO, or ISO.

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On-premises implementation and evidence

Replay-resistant authentication mechanisms

Implementation steps

  1. Use Kerberos authentication (which includes replay protection via timestamps and authenticators) instead of NTLM where possible
  2. Disable NTLMv1 and restrict NTLMv2 usage via Group Policy; monitor for remaining NTLM authentication
  3. Deploy FIDO2 or smart card authentication for privileged access, which provides cryptographic replay resistance
  4. Enable and enforce TLS for all authentication traffic to prevent capture of authentication exchanges

Tools / systems

Evidence artifacts

Evidence frequency: Continuous enforcement; quarterly NTLM usage review